Spaced vs crammed retention
- 1Cepeda et al. (2008) · Psychological ScienceSpacing effects on retention — 1,350+ learners, gaps up to 1 year
- 2Cepeda et al. (2006) · Psychological BulletinMeta-analysis: 839 assessments across 184 articles — distributed practice reliably wins
- 3Rohrer & Taylor (2006) · Applied Cognitive Psychology≈2× better math performance at a 4-week test (64% vs 32%)
- 4Dunlosky et al. (2013) · Psych. Science in the Public InterestSpaced practice & practice testing rated high utility